October 06, 2026
66 min read
We measured how much of 77 national namespaces depends on US-headquartered operators or US soil: per-domain web, mail and DNS for 65.5 million live websites, plus cloud regions, CDN points of presence, TLS certificates, ccTLD registries, routing, latency and 21,000 institutions. 43.9% of the live websites whose layers we could attribute have at least one layer run by a US-headquartered operator or sit on US soil, and the switching ran toward US operators: 2.8 mail moves onto a US-headquartered operator for every move off one, 2.4 for DNS. US soil and US ownership are different problems with different fixes. We end with a measured guide to who should move, where to, and who should not bother. For policymakers, registries, hosting providers and anyone running a website outside the US.
October 04, 2026
42 min read
A .ca domain needs a Canadian owner, but nothing requires its website, mail or DNS to be Canadian. We measured all three for 1.86 million live .ca websites, followed hosting from 2023 to 2026, ran about 6,800 traceroutes from Canadian vantage points, timed the front doors of the largest operators from Toronto, Montreal and Vancouver, sampled .ca registrars and checked 989 government websites. Only 6.5% of .ca websites keep web, mail and DNS with Canadian operators and the website in Canada; 54.6% run all three on US-headquartered operators, more than Mexico, Australia or the UK. Physically, much of the .ca web answers from inside Canada; legally, four in five .ca websites have at least one layer run by a US company or hosted in the US. The 2025 tariff shock was followed by a small relative gain for Canadian hosting and no homecoming. For policymakers, registries, hosting providers and anyone running a Canadian domain.
October 03, 2026
36 min read
How much of each country's own namespace is hosted at home, mailed by a domestic operator and served by a domestic DNS provider? We measured all three layers for 78 national country-code TLDs plus .eu: 29 hosting crawls from April 2023 to September 2026, and 12 MX and 10 NS crawls from April 2025. Domestic hosting is not losing to foreign data centres but to the edge: the median share of a country's websites behind anycast front doors doubled from 11% to 23%, almost all of them run by US companies, while the home share of located websites barely moved. With US-headquartered operators gaining mail share in 76 countries and DNS share in 74, the index — a descriptive composite of domestic control, not a measure of sovereignty or resilience — fell in 70 of 78 countries in seventeen months, from a median of 42.1 to 38.1. Iran, the United States, Japan and Germany keep most of their namespaces at home; among the 30 largest, Mexico, Canada and India keep the least. For policymakers working on digital sovereignty, registries, hosting and DNS operators, and Internet measurement researchers.